Electric-driven refrigerating-machine.



H. ZOELLY. ELEcTmc DRIVEN REFRIGERATING MACHINE.

Patented Apr. 23,191&

APPLICATION FILEDJUNE13.1917.

I- Z, y

HEINRICH ZOELLY, F ZURICH, BWITIZELAND.

:ELECTRIC-DRIVEN BEFBIGEBATING-HACHINE.

Specification of Letten Patent.

Patented Apr. 23, 1918.

Application lcd I une 18,' 1917. Serial No. 174,560.

. To all whom/it may concern:

accompanyin Be it yknown that I 'HEINRICH ZOLLY, a citizen of the Republic of Switzerland, residing at Zurich, Switzerland, have invented certain new and lseful Improvements 1n Electric Driven Refligerating Machines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of. the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the drawing, and to letters or figures of re erence marked thereon, which form a part of thisspecification. l

This invention relates to improvements 1n electrically driven plants adapted to be used exclusively for refrlgerating urposes or for making ice, or again for re rigerating and ice makin at the same time. Onev object of the invention` is to provide an improved refrigerating machine of this character particularly suitable for households, hotels, cafs restaurants, provision merchants and the like, which is of simple and compact design and forms a completely inclosed, airtight arrangement, so that it does not require any attendance.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved refrigerating machine of the character referred to in which belts, valves, stufiing boxes and the like are entirely done away with.

To the attainment of these ends and the accomplishment of other new end useful improvements the invention, as w1ll appear,

consists in the suitable combination and ar frigerating plant.

ranged shaft to the upper end of which is" In the drawing: Y

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view ofthe refrigerating machine. Fig. 2 shows a detail onfan enlarged scale and in a section on the line II-II of Fig. 3.

Fig. 3 is a section on the line III- III of Fig. 2. D

Fig. 4 is a section on the line IV-IV of Fig. 1, and

Fig. 5 shows the tting of the machine 1n an ordinary refrigerator.

In the embodiment of the invention lshown in the drawing, 1 denotes a vertically ariixed the rotor 2 of an electromotor. 3 denotes the stator of this electromotor surrounding the rotor 2. Fitted within the central bore of this stator 3 is ak thin steel-cap 4 of low electric conductivityy and put over the rotor 2. The lower rim of this cap 4 rests in a groove of the upper rim 5 of a casing 5, and is calkedrinto this groove in an airtight manner by means of a ring 5b, so that the cap 4 and the casing 5,'forrn a unitary whole. The electromotor 2, 3 is mounted in a casing 11 provided with a dctachable cover 12.

The lower end of shaft 1 is shaped into a disk crank 6. 'The latter drives the piston rod of a piston 7 in a cylinder 8. The parts 7 and 8 form the principal parts of the compresser which is provided with trunnions'9 and mounted in a cylindrical casing 10, so that it oscillates by the revolving of the crank pin 6. The casing 10 is arranged coaxially to the electromotor 2, 3. The central, hub-like part 13 of the casing 10 acts as a bearing for the driving shaft 1.

The casing 10, within which is fitted said compressor 7 8 arranged below the electric motor 2, 3 is subdivided into three chambers 14, 15, 16 of which chamber 14 forms the ,suction chamber, while the space lforms slots 19 provided in a wall of the casing 10.

The slots 18 and 19 open from time to time in consequence of the oscillating movement of the cylinder 8. 171 denotes flap pressurevalves arranged beneath the slots 17. A rising pipe 20 leads from the lowermost part of the bottom pressure vchamber l5, into which exhausts the compressor, to the top pressure chamber 16 arranged above said chamber 15.

The compressor casing 10 is surrounded by the casing 5 hereinbefore referred to, a space 22 being left between these two casings. This ring space 22 communicates with the to pressure chamber 16 by means of a conduit 21.

23 denotes the refrigerator arranged below the condenser casing 5 and coaxially to the latter. This refrigerator forms in the present instance also the bottom of the casing 5 condenser casing is provided a pressure reducing opening25. The refrigerator 23 comprises an internal, cylindrical part 26 and an external part 27 surrounding said part 26. A ring chamber is left between the two parts 26 and 27. In order to facilitate the transmission of heat to the refrigerating medium it is advisable'to rovide the outer refrigeratin part 27 in t e'manner shown in Fig. 4 with radial ribs or gills 28. The pressure reducing opening 25 discharges into the upper portion of the chamber 28. The ring chamber left between the two parts 26, 27 communicates at its lower end with the chamber 28 of the refrigerator, while at the top it is put into communication with the suction chamber 14 provided within the cylindrical compressor casing 10 by means of a conduit 29. A v

The condenser casin 5 is also surrounded by a casin 30 provi ed on its inner side with helica ribs. The ring space left between the two casings 5 and 30 forms a water jacket. To the lower end of this jacket is connected a supply-pipe 32 for the cooling water. 33 denotes an outlet-pipe for this water communicatin with the upper 'portion of the water jac et.

The fitting of the hereinbefore described machine in any existing refrigerator or in any to be built for special requirements in the manner shown in Fig. 5 may be effected in a very simple manner. To this end the complete machine and electric motor is simply placed in the opening 34 (Fig. 5) in the to of the refri rator.

e hereinbe ore described electric driven refrigerating machine works as follows:

The refrigerating medium-and as such a medium chlorid of meth l for 'instance muy be used-is drawn by t e piston 7 of the compressor from the suction chamber 14 in a gaseous state into the suction side of the cylinder 8 on the momentary opening of the slots 19 during the oscillating-movement of the compressor. This medium is then compressed to a pressure corresponding to the cooling water temperature and passes hereu on into the bottom pressure chamber 15.

rom here it flows through the rising pipe 2O into the top pressure chamber 16 and then at first through the pipe 21` into the ring space 22 surrounded by the water jacket and afterward into the condenser chamber 24 where it is liquefied.

The liquid refrigerating medium flows throu h the pressure reducing openin 25 into t e internal chamber 28 of the re ri erator. The great reduction of pressure taging place greatly lowers the temperature of the refrigerating medium, which in consequence of the reduction of pressure again evaporates extracting thereby the requisite amount of heat from the surrounding atmosphere or brines. As already stated, the ribs or gills 28 .facilitate during 'this process the transmission of heat yto the refrigerating medium. Owing to this evaporation the temperature of the surrounding atmosphere or -the cooling action of the water.

As shown, all working parts are incloeed in an airtight manner. Thus, it is only necessary to lill the machine'with the u1 site quantity of refrigerati medium be ore it is forwarded; a leaka I this, medium is not possible and there ore no subsequent filling is necessary. The starting and stoppin of the machine is also ve simple.

T e lubrication of the workin parts in an automatic manner is attained y the use of the top pressure chamber`16 as an oil tank and y feeding the lubricant from this chamber to the working arts by means of suitable channels or the l1 e. The dripping oil is collected in the bottom ressure chamber 15. As soon as the leve of the oil in this chamber reaches the lower end of the rising pipe 20' the refrigerating medium flowing at a high speed into this pipe draws lubricant with it into the chamber 16, where the oil easily parates b avity from the gaseous medium. The u ricant is stored up in this chamber'16.

What I claim is:

1. In an electric driven refrigerating inachine, in combina-tion, an electromotor comprising an external stator and an internal rotor, a compressor, means for drivi the compressor from the end of the rotorniaft, the compressor be' drical casing, a coxlixfnser casingsurrounding the latter, a thin steel-ca of low electric conductivity put over t e rotor and joined in an airtight manner to said condenser casing, a pressure reduci opening in the bottom of the condenser c amber, a refrigerator into which exhausts said opening, a connection between the refrigerator and a suction chamber provided in the cylindrical compressor casing, the latter comprising besides said suction chamber a numer o -super osed pressure chambers, the compressor e austing into the lowermost of these pressure chambers, and a rising pipe mounted in a cylinwere# s ya' leading fromthelowermost l. part of said` pressure chamber into a superposed pressure chamber. l

2. In an electric driven refrigerating mai chine, 'in combination, an electromotor comthe compressor being mounted in a 'cylindriand a suction chamber cal casing, a condenser casing surrounding the latter, the latter again surrounded by a cooling water jacket, a thin steelcap of low electric conductivity put over the rotor and joined in an airtight manner to said condenser casing, a pressure reducm opening in the bottom of the condenser c amber, a refrigerator `into which exhausts said opening, a connection between the' refrigerator rovided in the cylindricl compressor casing, the latter comrisin besides said suction chamber a numr o superposed pressure chambers, the compresssor exhausting into the lowermcst of these pressure chambers, and a risin pipe leading from the lowermost part `o said pressure chamber into a superposed pressure chamber.' Y c 3. In an electric driven refrigerating machine, in combination, an electromotor comvprising an external stator and an internal \rotor, a compressor, means for driving the compressor from the end of the rotor shaft, the compressor being mounted in a cylindrical-casing, a condenser casing surrounding the latter, a thin steel-cap of low electricconductivity put over the rotor and joined in an airtight manner to said condenser casing, a pressure reducing opening in the bottom of the condenser chamber, a refrigerator with double walls, the pressure reducing opening exhausting into the upper .portion of the inner chamber of the refrigerator while the outer chamber communicates at ing, the latter comprising besides said suction chamber a number of superposed pressure chambers, the 'compressor exhausting into the lowermost of these ressure chambers, and a rising pipe lea ing from the lowermost portion of said pressure chamber into a superposed pressure chamber.

4. In an electric driven refrigerating machine, in combination, an electromotor comprising an external stator and an internal rotor, a compressor, means for driving the compressor from the end of the rotor shaft, the compressor being mounted in a cylindrical casing, a condenser casing surrounding the latter, the condenser casing being again surrounded by a cooling water jacket, a thin steel-cap of low electric conductivity put over the rotor and joined in an airtight manner to said condenser casing, a pressure reducing opening i ii the bottom ofthe vcondenser chamber, a refri erator;'with double walls, thevpre'ssure r u cing v opening eir-l hausting into the upperportion .'of the inner chamber of the refrigerator while the outer chamber communicates at. thel lower end with said inner chamber and at the upper end with a suction chamber provided in the cylindrical' com ressor casing, the latter com rising besi es said suction chamber a num er of superposed pressure chambers, the compressor exhausting into the lowermost of these pressure chambers, and a rising pipe leading from the lowermost part of said pressure chamber into a ysuperposed pressure chamber. n

5. In an electric driven refrigeratng machine, in combination, a vertical electromotor having an external stator and an internal rotor, a compressor arranged below this motor, means for driving the compressor from the bottom end of the rotor shaft, said compressor being mounted in a casing ar# ranged coaxially to thel electromotor, this casing surrounded by a condenser casing` a thin steel-cap of low electric conductivity put over the rotor and joined in an airtight manner to said condenser casing, a pressure reducing opening in the bottom of the condenser chamber, a refrigerator provided below the condenser casing and arranged coaxially therewith, the pressure reducing opening discharging into this refrigerator, a connectionbetween the refrigerator and a suction chamber provided in the cylindrical compressor casing, the latter com rising besides said suction chamber a num er of superposed pressure chambers, the compressor exhausting into the lowermost of these pressure chambers, and a risin pipe leading from the lowermost part o said pressure chamber into a superposed pressure chamber.

6. In an electric driven refrigerating machine, in combination, a vertical electromotor having an external stator and an internal rotor, a compressor arranged below this motor, means for driving the compressor from the end of the rotor shaft, said compressor being mounted in a casing arranged .coaxially to the electromotor, this casing surrounded by a condenser casing, a thin steel-cap of low electric conductivity put over the rotor and joined in an airtight manner to said casing, a pressure reducing opening in the bottom of the condenser chamber, a refrigerator with double walls provided below the condenser casing and arranged coaxially therewith, the pressure reducing opening discharging into this refrigerator, a connection between the refrig erator and a suction chamber provided in the com ressor casing, the latter comprising besi es said suction chamber a number of superposed pressure chambers, the compressor exhausting into the lowermost of ,I

these pressure chambers, and a risn pipe leading from the lowermost part o said pressure chamber into a superposed pressure chamber. l

7. In a refrigerating machine, the combination with a casing having an evaporating chamber; of a suction chamber' communicating therewith, a bottom pressure chamber, a compressor between the two chambers, a top pressure chamber for containing oil, and means connectin said top and bottom chambers whereby oi collecting in said. bottom chamber will be carried hby the compressed refrigerant discharged from the compressor into said top chamber.

8. In a refrigerating machine, the combination with an evaporating chamber; of a. co-axial suction chamber, two superimposed pressure chambers, a compressor between the suction chamber and one ef said pressure chambers, a condensing chamber, an annular coolin space surrounding said chambers, a coo ing jacket surrounding said cooling space and a valveless pressure reducing orifice discharging condensate from the condensing chamber into said evaporating chamber.

9. In a self-contained ref rating machine, an amature and its shiilga plurality of chambers co-axial with said armature and shaft, a compressor driven from said shaft, a water jacket surrounding several of the aforesaid chambers and spaced therefrom means to mclose the armature gastight and a stator surrounding said means.

10. In a self-contained refri rating machine, two super sed pressure c ambers and a suction cham er between them, a compressor between the suction chamber and the lower pressure chamber a driving shaft concentric with said chambers, a pipe between the two Eressure chambers whose lower end is slig tl above thc bottom of the lower pressure c amber and whose upper end is above the oil level in the upper pressurechamber, and means to supply oil rom said upper pressure chamber to said shaft and compressor.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name.

HEINRICH ZOELLY. y 

